AI is a powerful tool that can help businesses automate repetitive tasks. By freeing up human employees, firms can focus on more critical duties.
There are a few different types of AI that can be used to help streamline processes, analyze trends and predict outcomes. But it’s important to keep in mind that they all won’t be able to replace humans anytime soon.
Reactive Machines
Reactive machines are the most basic form of artificial intelligence. They cannot learn from past experiences or form memories and are limited to the scenarios they’re programmed to handle.
Examples of reactive machines include spam filters and Netflix recommendation engines. They’re also famously used by IBM’s chess-playing supercomputer, Deep Blue, which defeated international chess champion Garry Kasparov in 1997.
These AI systems are confined to the tasks they’re designed for, and they’re easily fooled. However, they can be helpful when used in technologies such as self-driving cars, since they will always respond to situations the same way.
Limited Memory Machines
Limited memory machines have the ability to learn from past data and predictions, which allows them to make more informed decisions. They are commonly used in technologies such as face recognition, chatbots, virtual assistants and self-driving vehicles.
These AI systems also use Reinforcement Learning and Evolutionary Generative Adversarial Networks (E-GAN). E-GAN is an AI system that stores information over several evolutions, which it updates to improve its accuracy.
Compared to Reactive Machines, Limited Memory AI is better at making judgments on new situations. This type of AI has been used in technologies such as self-driving cars and chess-playing computers.
Previously, self-driving cars took over 100 seconds to react to external factors, but with limited memory AI, reaction time has improved significantly. Similarly, AI voice generators can create an imitation of your voice that is difficult to distinguish from the real thing. Theory of mind is another future AI capability that will allow robots to understand and interpret human emotions, beliefs, and thought processes.
Theory of Mind
Theory of mind is a crucial part of human social interaction and it can help humans understand other people’s emotions, beliefs, intentions, and thoughts. It is a cognitive ability that begins to develop in infants and progresses throughout early childhood.
According to one theory, this capability is a precursor to language development. Others maintain that it develops as a distinct ability in a manner analogous to the development of scientific theories.
Neuroimaging studies show that brain regions engage during theory of mind tasks, including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), area around posterior superior temporal sulcus (pSTS), and sometimes precuneus and amygdala/temporopolar cortex.
AI systems are already capable of besting humans at analytical tasks, but they haven’t been able to master the abilities of intuition and inference. Researchers at Stanford University are investigating the emergence of the theory of mind in AI. They tested a conversational AI bot called ChatGPT and found that it passed standard psychological tests designed to test theory of mind.
Self-Awareness
Self-awareness is an important part of human consciousness and can be a valuable tool for robots to gain understanding of their own state and behaviors. It can help them anticipate and respond to changes in their internal states or processes, and it can be used to predict the future based on information about past events and experiences.
This type of AI requires a flexible, real-time cognitive architecture that builds spatial, dynamic, statistical, functional, and cause-effect models of the world. It needs a system that enables robots to create, update, and test these models in real time, and it must be able to adapt to changing circumstances.
Several cognitive components have been identified that replicate self-awareness in humans, including inner speech (Morin and Joshi 1990; Clowes and Morse 2005). Implementation of this process in AI agents can facilitate self-reflection and deepen AI agents’ knowledge of their own mental states and behaviors.